Глоссарий

• Домены и регистрация
• DNS и записи
• Почта и доставляемость
• SSL/TLS и безопасность
• Хостинг и инфраструктура
• SEO и поисковая оптимизация

Домены и регистрация

• Доменное имя
  
• Доменная зона (TLD)
  
• gTLD
  
• ccTLD
  
• sTLD (спонсируемая зона)
  
• Brand TLD (.BRAND)
  
• IDN-домен
  
• Punycode
  
• Домен второго уровня (SLD)
  
• Домен третьего уровня
  
• Поддомен
  
• Корневой домен (apex)
  
• FQDN
  
• Хостнейм (hostname)
  
• Регистратор
  
• Реестр доменной зоны (Registry)
  
• Регистрант (Registrant)
  
• Административный контакт
  
• Технический контакт
  
• Billing-контакт
  
• WHOIS
  
• RDAP
  
• WHOIS privacy / Domain privacy
  
• Redacted WHOIS
  
• EPP
  
• EPP-код / AuthInfo
  
• Domain lock / Registrar lock
  
• Registry lock
  
• Трансфер домена
  
• Incoming transfer
  
• Outgoing transfer
  
• Push / Internal transfer
  
• Change of registrant
  
• Продление домена (Domain renewal)
  
• Auto-renew
  
• Grace period
  
• Add grace period
  
• Renewal grace period
  
• Redemption period
  
• RGP (Redemption Grace Period)
  
• Pending delete
  
• Истечение домена (Domain expiration)
  
• Expiry date
  
• Creation date
  
• Status codes (EPP statuses)
  
• clientTransferProhibited
  
• clientUpdateProhibited
  
• clientDeleteProhibited
  
• clientRenewProhibited
  
• serverTransferProhibited
  
• Парковка домена
  
• Domain forwarding
  
• URL forwarding
  
• Masked forwarding
  
• Email forwarding
  
• Domain alias
  
• Зеркало сайта
  
• Canonical domain
  
• Премиум-домен
  
• Reserved name
  
• Blocked name
  
• Sunrise period
  
• Landrush
  
• General Availability (GA)
  
• Trademark claims
  
• Trademark Clearinghouse (TMCH)
  
• UDRP
  
• URS
  
• Cybersquatting
  
• Typosquatting
  
• Brand protection
  
• Domain portfolio
  
• Domain investor
  
• Domain flipping
  
• Domain appraisal
  
• Secondary market
  
• Domain auction
  
• Backorder
  
• Drop-catching
  
• Zone file access
  
• Thin registry
  
• Thick registry
  
• DNS hosting
  
• Managed DNS
  
• Nameserver delegation
  
• Registrar accreditation
  
• ICANN
  
• IANA
  

DNS и записи

• DNS
  
• DNS resolver
  
• Recursive resolver
  
• Authoritative DNS
  
• Root servers
  
• TLD servers
  
• Anycast DNS
  
• DNS zone
  
• Zone file
  
• SOA record
  
• Serial number (SOA serial)
  
• Refresh (SOA)
  
• Retry (SOA)
  
• Expire (SOA)
  
• Minimum TTL
  
• TTL
  
• DNS cache
  
• DNS propagation
  
• Nameserver (NS)
  
• Glue records
  
• Delegation
  
• Apex / root (@)
  
• A record
  
• AAAA record
  
• CNAME
  
• ALIAS record
  
• ANAME record
  
• MX record
  
• TXT record
  
• SRV record
  
• PTR record
  
• CAA record
  
• NAPTR
  
• SSHFP
  
• TLSA (DANE)
  
• NS mismatch
  
• NXDOMAIN
  
• SERVFAIL
  
• REFUSED
  
• DNS timeout
  
• Split-horizon DNS
  
• Split DNS
  
• Wildcard DNS
  
• GeoDNS
  
• Round-robin DNS
  
• DNSSEC
  
• DS record
  
• DNSKEY
  
• RRSIG
  
• NSEC
  
• NSEC3
  
• KSK
  
• ZSK
  
• Key rollover
  
• DS mismatch
  
• DNS poisoning
  
• Cache poisoning
  
• DDoS на DNS
  
• DNS amplification
  
• EDNS0
  
• DNS over HTTPS (DoH)
  
• DNS over TLS (DoT)
  
• Forwarder
  
• Stub resolver
  
• Resolver cache flush
  
• BIND
  
• Unbound
  
• PowerDNS
  
• Knot DNS
  
• Reverse DNS (rDNS)
  
• IP-to-hostname
  
• SPF DNS lookup limit
  
• TXT record size limit
  
• CNAME flattening
  
• ACME challenge (DNS-01)
  
• _acme-challenge
  
• _domainkey
  
• _dmarc
  
• _mta-sts
  
• _smtp._tls
  

Почта и доставляемость

• Email deliverability (доставляемость)
  
• SMTP
  
• ESMTP
  
• IMAP
  
• POP3
  
• MTA
  
• MUA
  
• MDA
  
• SMTP relay
  
• SMTP authentication
  
• STARTTLS
  
• TLS for SMTP
  
• SMTPS (465)
  
• Submission (587)
  
• MX priority
  
• Catch-all mailbox
  
• Bounce
  
• Hard bounce
  
• Soft bounce
  
• NDR (non-delivery report)
  
• Greylisting
  
• RBL / DNSBL
  
• Spamhaus
  
• Reputation
  
• Sender reputation
  
• IP reputation
  
• Domain reputation
  
• SPF
  
• SPF include
  
• SPF redirect
  
• SPF softfail (~all)
  
• SPF hardfail (-all)
  
• SPF PermError
  
• SPF TempError
  
• SPF flattening
  
• DKIM
  
• DKIM selector
  
• DKIM key rotation
  
• DKIM body hash
  
• DKIM fail
  
• DMARC
  
• DMARC policy
  
• p=none
  
• p=quarantine
  
• p=reject
  
• pct tag
  
• rua
  
• ruf
  
• fo tag
  
• adkim / aspf
  
• Alignment
  
• Identifier alignment
  
• DMARC aggregate report
  
• DMARC forensic report
  
• ARC (Authenticated Received Chain)
  
• ARC seal
  
• ARC fail
  
• BIMI
  
• VMC (Verified Mark Certificate)
  
• MTA-STS
  
• TLS-RPT
  
• DANE for SMTP
  
• SPF/DKIM/DMARC alignment fail
  
• HELO / EHLO
  
• Reverse DNS mismatch
  
• SPF HELO identity
  
• MIME
  
• DKIM canonicalization
  
• List-Unsubscribe header
  
• Feedback loop (FBL)
  

SSL/TLS и безопасность

• SSL-сертификат
  
• TLS
  
• HTTPS
  
• HTTP
  
• HTTP/2
  
• HTTP/3 (QUIC)
  
• URL
  
• URI
  
• CSR
  
• Private key
  
• Public key
  
• Key pair
  
• RSA
  
• ECDSA
  
• Certificate chain
  
• Intermediate certificate
  
• Root certificate
  
• CA (Certificate Authority)
  
• OCSP
  
• OCSP stapling
  
• CRL
  
• Revocation
  
• SAN
  
• Wildcard SSL
  
• Multi-domain SSL
  
• DV SSL
  
• OV SSL
  
• EV SSL
  
• HSTS
  
• Mixed content
  
• TLS handshake
  
• Cipher suite
  
• Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS)
  
• SNI
  
• ALPN
  
• Session resumption
  
• 0-RTT
  
• Security headers
  
• Content-Security-Policy (CSP)
  
• X-Frame-Options
  
• X-Content-Type-Options
  
• Referrer-Policy
  
• Permissions-Policy
  
• SameSite cookies
  
• CSRF
  
• XSS
  
• SQL injection
  
• Clickjacking
  
• WAF
  
• DDoS protection
  
• Rate limiting
  
• Bot protection
  
• Malware scanning
  
• Phishing
  
• DNS hijacking
  
• MITM
  
• ACME
  
• Let’s Encrypt
  
• Certificate transparency (CT)
  

Хостинг и инфраструктура

• Shared hosting
  
• VPS
  
• Dedicated server
  
• Cloud hosting
  
• CDN
  
• Load balancing
  
• Uptime
  
• Backup
  
• Snapshot
  
• Control panel
  
• DirectAdmin
  
• cPanel
  
• SSH
  
• SFTP
  
• FTP
  
• Nginx
  
• Apache
  
• PHP-FPM
  
• Cron
  
• MySQL
  
• PostgreSQL
  
• Caching
  
• WAF
  
• DDoS protection
  

SEO и поисковая оптимизация

• SEO
  
• Поисковая выдача (SERP)
  
• Органический трафик
  
• Ключевое слово (keyword)
  
• Поисковый запрос
  
• Поисковое намерение (search intent)
  
• Информационный запрос
  
• Коммерческий запрос
  
• Навигационный запрос
  
• Транзакционный запрос
  
• Кластеризация запросов
  
• Семантическое ядро
  
• Topic cluster
  
• Pillar page (опорная страница)
  
• Entity SEO
  
• Topical authority
  
• E-E-A-T
  
• CTR (click-through rate)
  
• Title tag
  
• Meta description
  
• H1
  
• H2
  
• Alt text
  
• Внутренняя перелинковка
  
• Анкор (anchor text)
  
• Внешняя ссылка (backlink)
  
• Link equity (вес ссылки)
  
• PageRank
  
• URL slug
  
• ЧПУ (friendly URLs)
  
• Canonical URL
  
• Duplicate content
  
• Thin content
  
• Сниппет
  
• Featured snippet
  
• People Also Ask
  
• Sitelinks
  
• Rich results
  
• Schema.org
  
• Structured data
  
• FAQPage schema
  
• Breadcrumbs schema
  
• Organization schema
  
• WebSite schema
  
• robots.txt
  
• Meta robots
  
• Noindex
  
• Nofollow
  
• Indexing
  
• Deindex
  
• Crawling
  
• Crawl budget
  
• XML sitemap
  
• sitemap.xml
  
• Image sitemap
  
• News sitemap
  
• Hreflang
  
• International SEO
  
• Geo-targeting
  
• Mobile-first indexing
  
• Responsive design
  
• Core Web Vitals
  
• LCP
  
• INP
  
• CLS
  
• Page speed
  
• TTFB
  
• Render-blocking resources
  
• Lazy loading
  
• Pagination SEO
  
• Faceted navigation
  
• Redirect 301
  
• Redirect 302
  
• Redirect chain
  
• Redirect loop
  
• 404
  
• Soft 404
  
• 410
  
• 5xx errors
  
• HTTPS migration
  
• Site architecture
  
• Click depth
  
• Breadcrumbs
  
• JavaScript SEO
  
• SSR (Server-side rendering)
  
• CSR (Client-side rendering)
  
• Prerendering
  
• Search Console
  
• Index coverage
  
• Manual action
  
• Link spam
  
• Disavow
  
• Branded traffic
  
• Non-branded traffic
  
• Conversion rate (CR)
  
• SEO A/B тест