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TTL — the number of seconds a DNS record may remain in a cache before it must be discarded or refreshed.
DNS is a distributed hierarchy. A resolver starts with available data and, when necessary, queries root, TLD, and authoritative servers. TTL-based caching reduces query volume but delays the visibility of changes.
TTL — the number of seconds a DNS record may remain in a cache before it must be discarded or refreshed.
This component participates in locating, storing, or returning authoritative data about domain names. Its role is determined by its place in the hierarchy and the type of DNS query.
Query the authoritative servers and a recursive resolver separately. Compare the answer, TTL, delegation, and cache state to distinguish a zone error from stale client-side data.
